PS337: The Politics of Development

Department of Political Science

University of Oregon – Fall 2009

Professor Anna Gruben

agruben@uoregon.edu

T/R 10:00 – 11:20 am

229 Mckenzie

Office: 922 PLC

My Office Hrs: TBA

(or by appt.)

GTF:  TBA

 

 

I.  Course Description

 

Public figures ranging from Joseph Stiglitz to Bono have tried steering our attention to something we’ve known about for years:  the world is plagued by incredible economic and political inequality.  Some appear to be living comfortably while others - about 30% of the world’s inhabitants    go hungry everyday.  The disparity is universally infuriating; almost all of us decry its persistence regardless of our political or cultural ideologies.   It’s tempting to blame the problem on a single phenomenon or institution, but the simple truth is political and economic development is so complex, it would be counter-productive to attribute its unevenness to one root cause.  Still, there exist ways to identify patterns and anomalies among development paths in order to understand where growth comes from and what it leads to.  This class is designed to help us uncover those patterns and anomalies. While using the “first world” as a reference point, this course focuses exclusively on political change in the developing world, including parts of Latin America, Asia and Africa.  We’ll begin by asking what it means for a country to develop. We will analyze some of the different ways that development is defined in academic literature, the media and the discourse of international lending institutions, agencies and NGOs.   In exploring these definitions we will encounter additional questions.  Is there only one way to develop?   Who benefits from development?  Why do some countries or regions appear to develop more quickly or successfully than others?  We’ll try to answer these questions as we examine different, overlapping forms of development, such as economic growth, democratization and the expansion of human rights and environmental sustainability. Among our course objectives will be to identify the economic, state and non-state catalysts for development at local, national and international levels. These range from particular political events to the role of social movements in initiating change. 

 

 

 

II.  Course Requirements

 

Attendance -  It’s required.  In lectures, I will almost always present material that isn’t in the readings.  This is material that you will be expected to refer to in exams.  Inability to do so could result in exam failure.

 

Reading -   Required reading is just that: required.  Some weeks, the reading load in this class will be very heavy.  If that’s a problem, this might not be the class for you.  Other weeks, the reading is pretty light.  Use those weeks to get ahead.  You will be expected to draw from readings in all class projects (including occasional pop quizzes) and in class discussion.  Speaking of…

 

Participation -  This is an interactive class.  It is most definitely not a class in which information will be spoon-fed.  The ability to frame a question or a statement articulately is an incredibly important part of learning in the social sciences.  Your comments and questions don’t necessarily have to sound sophisticated, but they do need to be thoughtful and coherent.  The end of almost every class will be reserved for discussion regarding themes covered in that day’s lecture and/or reading.   Contribution to such discussion – and questions or comments throughout class time in general – is very strongly encouraged.  I realize that some people prefer not to participate in class debate.  I’m expecting you to do your absolute best to set any participation hang-ups aside and talk (see ‘classroom etiquette’ below for rules about listening to and addressing comments respectfully).  If this is a serious issue for you, let me know during office hours.  ALL STUDENTS ARE WELCOME AND ENCOURAGED TO SHARE QUESTIONS AND CONCERNS WITH ME DURING OFFICE HOURS. Let me know that you’re alive!

 

Email -  This is a modern institution with state-of-the-art email checking facilities, so you are expected to check your email everyday.  I will regularly send reading or lecture-related updates via email.  You are responsible for keeping up with these notices.  That being said, please email me only with substantive questions (vs. questions whose answers can be found on your syllabus or other class material).

 

Plagiarism or cheating of any kind is absolutely forbidden.  If you are caught cheating or plagiarizing (in the latter case, I use software to detect) you will automatically be expelled from class and receive an F for the entire course.  For details on the University’s policy on cheating, go to http://studentlife.uoregon.edu/programs/student_judi_affairs/.

 

Classroom etiquette -

 

-          Cell phone use (talking or texting) is not permitted during class.  If you absolutely must take a call or text, do so with the ringer off, and please leave the room.  I will probably frown at you if this happens.  

 

-          Computers are not allowed in class without prior approval from me. This is an interactive class.  If you have a computer in front of you, the ability to engage one another is hindered. I prefer that you take handwritten notes, but if you have a special need requiring laptop use for note-taking, get expressed permission from me beforehand and You’ll be required to sit in one of the first two rows.  The few of you that receive permission should not be surprised if your GTF or I call you out or pop up behind you to see if you’re on facebook or Jcrew.com or something.  If you are, don’t be surprised if I ask you to leave for the day.  In the case of Jcrew.com, you may be required to buy me something.  I’m in the market for raingear.

 

-          General respect for your fellow classmates, your GTF and for me is crucial.  This is especially important in class discussion.  If you’re contributing to debate please only address your fellow debaters’ arguments, not their personalities.  Please also take into account that some of us are more comfortable than others about speaking in public.  Encourage each other to participate in discussion by listening and engaging – not scrutinizing.

 

Assignments –

 

-          Pop quizzes: I will give 5.  At the end of the quarter, your lowest score of the 5 quizzes will be dropped.  Your film response paper will count as one of these quizzes.

 

-          There will be a midterm and a final.  The midterm (in class on October 29th ) will include some multiple choice questions, some short answer questions and possibly one essay question.  The final (Tuesday, December 8th at 8:00 am) will include multiple choice, short answer questions and at least one essay question.  We will hammer the details as midterm and final dates approach.

 

-          You will write a 7-9 page paper in which you will discuss some of the readings.  This will entail the review of a particular debate in the literature covered in class. Key here is the ability to think critically about authors’ stances on an issue. Simply restating what those authors have already said is not sufficient.  You’ll need to make an educated, original argument about their debate.  Further instruction on this will be provided as the term progresses.  A set of topics will be handed out in class.  Papers should be double-spaced with margins of 1 inch to each side and include an introduction with your main argument (i.e. your thesis statement), a conclusion and a bibliography page.  No matter how good a writer you are, I highly recommend that everyone take advantage of campus writing support services. Here are a couple:

-          Academic Learning Services (visit their website or go to their office)

-          http://www.uoregon.edu/~uopubs/bulletin/undergraduate_programs.shtml  

o   Paper is due at the beginning of class on November 24th .  No late papers will be accepted.


 

 

-            Grading:

 

o   10% attendance/participation/mock debate

o   5% quizzes

o   25% midterm

o   25% paper

o   35% final

 

 

 

III.  Course Schedule

 

·         September 29 -- Class 1: Introduction

 

·         The Roots of Development as a Concept

o   October 1st -- Class 2:

§  Cooper and Packard International Development and the Social Sciences  (University of California Press, 1997).  Introduction.

§  Alexander Gershenkron – Economic Backwardness in Historical Perspective (Cambridge: Belknap Press, 1966)  chs 1-2

§  Arturo Escobar ‘the Problematization of Poverty: the Tale of Three Worlds and Development’ from Encountering Development: the Making and Unmaking of the Third World” (Princeton, 1995).

 

·         How is Development Measured?

o   October 6th -- Class 3:

§  Sen, Amartya Development as Freedom (New York: Anchor Books, 2000).  Introduction and chapter 1 (pp 3-34).

§  Typologies: 1st, 2nd, 3rd world

o   Randall, Vicky “Using and Abusing Concept of the Third World: Geopolitics and the Comparative Political Study of Development and Underdevelopment,” Third World Quarterly 25 (1): 41-53. 

 

·         Theories of Development --  Modernization Theory and Dependency Theory

o   October 8th -- Class 4: Modernization theory

§  W.W. Rostow, The Stages Of Economic Growth : A Non-Communist Manifesto (Cambridge [England] ; New York : Cambridge University Press, 1990), 3rd ed.  pp 4-16.

§  Huntington, Samuel P. Political Order in Changing Societies (New Haven: Yale University).  pp 1-92. Excerpts of this TBA

§  Recommended:

·         Przeworski, Adam, and Fernando Limongi. "Modernization: Theories and Facts." World Politics 49 (January 1997): 155-193.

 

o   October 13th -- Class 5: Dependency theory

§  Cardoso, Fernando Henrique and Enzo Faletto, Dependency and Development in Latin America (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1979). pp. vii – 28.

§  Valenzuela, J. Samuel and Arturo Valenzuela, “Modernization and Dependency: Alternative Perspectives in the Study of Latin American Underdevelopment,” Comparative Politics, Vol. 10, No. 4. (Jul., 1978), pp. 535-557.

§  dos Santos, Teodoro, "The Structure of Dependence." The American Economic Review 60, no. 2 (May 1970): 231-6.

§  Caporaso, James A., “Dependency Theory: Continuities and Discontinuities in Development Studies (Review Article),” International Organization 34, 4 (August 1980): 605-628.

 

§  Recommended:

 

·         Evans, Peter, “Multinationals, State-Owned Corporations and the Transformation of Imperialism: A Brazilian Case Study,” Economic Development and Cultural Change 26, 1(October 1977).

 

·         Neoliberalism, Globalization and the Developing World

o   October 15th -- Class 6:

§  Stallings, Barbara “International Influence on Economic Policy: Debt, Stabilization and Structural Reform” in Stephen Haggard and Robert R.  Kaufman eds., The Politics of Economic Adjustment (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1992).

§  Rosenberg, Tina. "The Free Trade Fix." New York Times Sunday Magazine, August 18, 2002.

§  Strom C. Thacker  -- The High Politics of IMF Lending  World Politics 52.1 (1999) 38-75

 

 

o   October 22th -- Class 7: – FILM – Commanding Heights (1 page response papers on film due in class October 27th)

 

o   October 27nd -- Class 8:   changes to these readings will probably be made

§  World Bank, The East Asian Miracle . (New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 1993) Overview and chapters 1-3.

§  Stiglitz, J., and S. Yusuf. Rethinking the East Asian Miracle. (Washington, DC: World Bank, 2001) chapter 9-11.

§  Rodrik, Dani. Has Globalization Gone Too Far? Washington, DC: Institute for International Economics, 1997.  Intro and Conclusion.

§  Micklethwait, John and Adrian Wooldridge “The Globalization Backlash” Foreign Policy (126:16-26)

§  Bhagwati, Jagdish N. In Defense of Globalization (New York: Oxford University Press, 2004).  Excerpts TBA.

§  Recommended:

·         Stiglitz Globalization and its Discontents

·         Collier the Bottom Billion

·         Alice H. Amsden The Rise of "The Rest": Challenges to the West from Late-Industrializing Economies

·         Judith A. Teichman The Politics of Freeing Markets in Latin America: Chile, Argentina, and Mexico

·         George Monbiot, June 14, 2005 Comment & Analysis: A truckload of nonsense: The G8 plan to save Africa comes with conditions that make it little more than an extortion racket; Guardian Leader Pages, Pg. 21.

 

 

 

 

 

 

·        Recommended:

·        Lipset, Seymour Martin. "Economic Development and Democracy." In Political Man: The Social Bases of Politics.

 

 

o   November 10th -- Class 13: Democratic consolidation

§  Diamond Consolidating the 3rd World Democracies – Intro and Ch 10 (Dem Consolidation in Lat Am)

§  Recommended Reading  -- Diamond Ch 8

·         Democratic Consolidation Taiwan and S. Korea

 

o   November 12th -- Class 14:  – In Class Role-Play Debate: Discussion about whether development and democracy go hand in hand.  Is the former required in order to achieve the latter?  Less central to the debate but worthy of attention: is democracy required for development? Additional instructions to be provided.

 

·         Development from Below? 

o   November 17th -- Class 15: Decentralization and Rural Development

§  Tendler, Judith Good Government in the Tropics (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1997) – Introduction and Chapter 2

§  Olowu, Dele “Local Governance, Democracy and Development, “ in Richard Joseph, ed., State, Conflict and Democracy in Africa (Boulder: Lynne Reinner, 1999) – Required: Chapter 5; Recommended: Intro.

 

o   November 19th -- Class 16: Collective Action and Social Institutions

§  Sub-themes:

·         Social Movements activity as a form of domestic political development

o    reading:  Tarrow Social Movement Society – Ch 7 (Hipscher)

·         Social Movement activity -- waves against neo-liberalism

o   Global Governance -- O'brian  Contestng Global Governance – Ch 1.  Pay special attention to global social movements (starting on page 12).  Skim the rest.

o   Also from the O'brian book -- Chapter 2 on the World Bank and Women's movements

o   Highly Recommended: Social Movement Activity:  Global Intersecting with Local

§  Keck and Sikkink Activists Beyond Borders – Ch 3

 

 

o   November 24th -- Class 17:

·         PAPER DUE AT THE BEGINNING OF CLASS

·         Film and discussion on the World Social Forum – (film title: Rumble in Mumbai) – brief reading TBA

 

o   NOVEMBER 26: THANKSGIVING DAY -- NO CLASS

 

·         Development, the Environment and Sustainability – How Did This Enter Development Equation?

o   December 1st -- Class 18:

·         Green Planet Blues p3-39 (Intro and the Debate at Stockholm – ‘Limits to Growth’ and ‘Environment and Development’)

·         Evans Livable Cities (Intro and Keck chapter)

 

·         Sustainability contd., Questions for Future and Review

o   December 3rd -- Class 19:

·         This reading may change.  Sen  Development as Freedom Ch 12  “Social Choice and Individual Freedom”

 

 

 

FINAL EXAM: TUESDAY, DECEMBER 8 AT 8:00 AM – 229 MCKENZIE