Political Science 463/563:

Government and Politics in Latin America -- Fall 2009

 

Professor: Anna Gruben

T/R 2-3:20 pm 129 McKenzie Hall

Email: agruben@uoregon.edu

Office Hrs: TBA

Office: 922 PLC

                                              GTF: TBA

 

 

 

 

 

 

I.  Course Description:

 

This course serves as part one of a two-part introductory overview of Latin American governance. We will begin by studying the kinds of economic and political legacies left behind by the region's colonialist past. We jump relatively quickly into an analysis of political matters faced in the 20th and 21st centuries. These include economic growth and dependency upon 'First World' economies (and recent attempts to form 'regionalist' trade alliances) as well as populism, dictatorship, democracy and social movement activism. Particular attention will be given to Argentina, Brazil, Chile and Mexico.

 

 

II.  Required Reading:

           

 

 

 

III.  Recommended Texts (additional overviews of Latin American governance that are very helpful, but not required reading for this class):

 

 

 

 

 

IV.  Course Requirements

 

Attendance -  It’s required.  In lectures, I will almost always present material that isn’t in the readings.  This is material that you will be expected to refer to in exams.  Inability to do so could result in exam failure.

 

Reading -   Required reading is just that: required.  Given that this is an upper division class (400/500), some of the readings are technical and assume familiarity with basic disciplinary terminology.  If you have no background in political science or development studies, you may find it useful to do outside reading.  Refer to the recommended texts above.  You will be expected to draw from readings in all class projects (including occasional pop quizzes) and in class discussion.  Speaking of…

 

Participation -  This is an interactive class.  It is most definitely not a class in which information will be spoon-fed.  The ability to frame a question or a statement articulately is an incredibly important part of learning in the social sciences.  Your comments and questions don’t necessarily have to sound sophisticated, but they do need to be thoughtful and coherent.  The end of almost every class will be reserved for discussion regarding themes covered in that day’s lecture and/or reading.   Contribution to such discussion – and questions or comments throughout class time in general – is very strongly encouraged.  I realize that some people prefer not to participate in class debate.  I’m expecting you to do your absolute best to set any participation hang-ups aside and talk (see ‘classroom etiquette’ below for rules about listening to and addressing comments respectfully).  If this is a serious issue for you, let me know during office hours.  ALL STUDENTS ARE WELCOME AND ENCOURAGED TO SHARE QUESTIONS AND CONCERNS WITH ME DURING OFFICE HOURS. Let me know that you’re alive!

 

Email -  This is a modern institution with state-of-the-art email checking facilities, so you are expected to check your email everyday.  I will regularly send reading or lecture-related updates via email.  You are responsible for keeping up with these notices.

 

Plagiarism or cheating of any kind is absolutely forbidden.  If you are caught cheating or plagiarizing (in the latter case, I use software to detect) you will automatically be expelled from class and receive an F for the entire course.  For details on the University’s policy on cheating, go to http://studentlife.uoregon.edu/programs/student_judi_affairs/.

 

 

Classroom etiquette -

 

-          Cell phone use (talking or texting) is not permitted during class.  If you absolutely must take a call or text, do so with the ringer off, and please leave the room.  I will probably frown at you if this happens.  

 

-          Computers are not allowed in class without prior approval from me. This is an interactive class.  If you have a computer in front of you, the ability to engage one another is hindered. I prefer that you take handwritten notes, but if you have a special need requiring laptop use for note-taking, get expressed permission from me beforehand and You’ll be required to sit in one of the first two rows. 

 

-          General respect for your fellow classmates, your GTF and for me is crucial.  This is especially important in class discussion.  If you’re contributing to debate please only address your fellow debaters’ arguments, not their personalities.  Please also take into account that some of us are more comfortable than others about speaking in public.  Encourage each other to participate in discussion by listening and engaging – not scrutinizing.

 

Assignments –

 

-          Pop quizzes: I will give 5. One of them will be a map quiz in which you’ll have to identify all Latin American countries and their capitals (see p. 4 of Skidmore and Smith for an example).  The map quiz will definitely be one of the first few quizzes I give (within the next couple of weeks).  At the end of the quarter, your lowest score of the 5 quizzes will be dropped. 

 

-          There will be a midterm (Thursday, October 29) and a final (Thursday, December 10 at 1:00 pm).  The midterm will include mostly short answer questions and possibly one essay question.  The final will include some short answer questions and at least one essay question.  We will hammer the details as midterm and final dates approach.

 

-          Film reaction papers incorporating relevant course readings.  Due November 5  and November 19.  Additional instructions to be delivered as the due date approaches.

 

-          Extra Credit Paper Option (Required for 563 students).  A 7-10 page research paper on a topic addressed in lecture and/or in the readings.  In these papers you will be expected to present original arguments using outside academic sources (books or journals).   The use of media sources is permissible and in some cases encouraged but not as a substitute for academic sources.  I will provide sample topics in advance. Key here is the ability to think critically about an issue or about someone else’s stance on an issue.  This would entail reviewing data and reading about a particular theme, deciding where you stand in the debate on that theme, and using sources to support your stance.  Simply restating what someone else has already said in a book or article is not sufficient.  Make an educated, original argument and use data and academic sources to support your claim.  Further instruction on this will be provided as the term progresses.  Papers should be double-spaced with margins of 1 inch to each side and include an introduction with your main argument (i.e. your thesis statement), a conclusion and a bibliography page.  The use of wikipedia for anything other than as a vague starting point is strongly discouraged.  It does not count as an academic source.  No matter how good a writer you are, I highly recommend that everyone take advantage of campus writing support services. Here are a couple:

-          Academic Learning Services

-          http://www.uoregon.edu/~uopubs/bulletin/undergraduate_programs.shtml  

 

-          Paper due Friday, November 20th in my office by 5:00 pm. No late papers will be accepted.

 

 

-            Grading:

 

o   10% attendance/participation/mock debates

o   5% quizzes

o   25% midterm

o   25% paper

o   35% final

           

                 

 

V.  Course Schedule –

 

Week 1 & 1st half of Week 2: 

-          September 29: Introduction

 

-          October 1 & 6: Colonialism, Independence and Historical Legacies

o   for October 1:

§  Thomas E. Skidmore, Peter H. Smith,  Modern Latin America – 6th edition. (New York : Oxford University Press, 2005): Prologue and Chapter 1

§  Forrest Colburn, Latin America at the End of Politics. (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2002): “Latin America as a Place,” “Urban Bias,” and “The Poor”

§  Recommended for 463 students, required for 563 students: Collier,  Ruth B. and David Collier Shaping the Political Arena (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1991) pp 3-39. 

§  Additional required reading for 563 students: Collier and Collier, 1991: pp 161-270; 353-402.

o   for October 6:

§  Skidmore and Smith: pp 42-51; 67; 109-118; 139-157; 254-274.

 

2nd half of Week 2: Economic Crisis and Development --  Theoretical Approaches

-          October 8: Economic Crisis; Modernization and Dependency Theory 

o   Skidmore and Smith: pp 51-62.

o   Valenzuela, J. Samuel and Arturo Valenzuela, “Modernization and Dependency: Alternative Perspectives in the Study of Latin American Underdevelopment,” Comparative Politics, Vol. 10, No. 4. (Jul., 1978), pp. 535-557.

o   W.W. Rostow, The Stages Of Economic Growth : A Non-Communist Manifesto (Cambridge [England] ; New York : Cambridge University Press, 1990), 3rd ed.  pp 4-16.

o   Cardoso, Fernando Henrique and Enzo Faletto, Dependency and Development in Latin America (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1979). pp. vii – 28.

o   563 students: all of Cardoso and Faletto.

 

Week 3: State Building I

-          October 13:  State Building I

o   (Old) Populism and Corporatism

§  Defining the terms

·         Adams, Paul S. “Corporatism in Latin America and Europe: Origins, Developments, and Challenges in Comparative Perspectives,” in Howard Wiarda, ed. Authoritarianism and Corporatism in Latin America – Revisited. (Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2004).

·         Di Tella, Torcuato. 1965. “Populism and Reform in Latin America,” In Claudio  Véliz, ed. Obstacles to Change in Latin America (London: Oxford University Press)  pp. 47-73.

§  Brazil under Vargas

·         Skidmore and Smith: pp 157-171.

·         Schmitter, Philippe C. “Public Policy Toward Freedom of Association” chapter 5 in  Interest conflict and political change in Brazil (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1971).

·         Erickson, Kenneth Paul “Populism and Political Control of the Working Class in Brazil” in June Nash, Juan Corradi and Hobart Spalding, Jr eds., Ideology & social change in Latin America (New York: Gordon and Breach, 1977)

·         Recommended for 463 students, required for 563 students:

o   Collier, David “Trajectory of a Concept: ‘Corporatism’ in the Study of Latin American Politics” in Peter H. Smith ed., Latin America in Comparative Perspective: New Approaches to Methods and Analysis (Boulder: Westview Press, 1995).

o   Knight, Alan “Populism and Neo-populism in Latin America, especially Mexico” Journal of Latin American Studies 30, 223-248, 1998.

 

Weeks 4, 5 & 6:  State Building I contd.

-          October 15:  (Old) Populism and Corporatism contd.

o   Argentina under Peron

§  Skidmore and Smith: pp 69-94.

§  Munck, Ronnie Argentina: From Anarchism To Peronism (London : Zed, 1987). Excerpts on Blackboard.

o   Mexico

§  Knight, Allan “The Rise and Fall of Cardenismo” in Leslie Bethell, ed.,  Mexico Since Independence (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991).

§  Recommended: Hellman, Judith Adler Mexico in crisis / Judith Adler Hellman, 2nd edition (New York : Holmes & Meier, 1988).  Excerpts on Blackboard.

 

-          October 20th:  Authoritarianism

§  Malloy, James ed., Authoritarianism and Corporatism in Latin America (University of Pittsburgh Press, 1977).  Excerpts on Blackboard.

§  David Collier, “Overview of the Bureaucratic-Authoritarian Model,” in The New Authoritarianism in Latin America, ed. David Collier.  Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1979: 19-32.

§  Schamis, Hector E.  “Reconceptualizing Latin American Authoritarianism in the 1970s: From Bureaucratic-Authoritarianism to Neoconservatism”  in  Comparative politics 23:2, 1991.

o   Brazil:

§  Skidmore and Smith: pp171-179

o   Argentina:

§  Skidmore and Smith: pp 89-101

 

 

-          October 22:  Authoritarianism contd.

o   Case Study: Chile under Allende and Pinochet

§  Skidmore and Smith: Chapter 4

§  Constable and Valenzuela, A Nation of Enemies: Chapters 1, 3, 6 and 7 (this is a quick read)

§  Additional reading for 563 students: Arturo Valenzuela, “Chile: Origins, Consolidation, and Breakdown of a Democratic Regime,” in Larry Diamond, et al, Politics in Developing Countries (Boulder & London: Lynne Rienner Publishers).

 

o   October 27: Film The Battle of Chile

 

 

-          OCTOBER 29TH  – IN CLASS MIDTERM

 

Week 6 and 1st half of Week 7:  State Building II

-          November 3:

o   Authoritarian Breakdown

§  Guillermo O’Donnell and Philippe Schmitter, Transitions from Authoritarian Rule: Tentative Conclusions about Uncertain Transitions (Johns Hopkins, 1986).

-          November 5: Film Reaction Paper Due

o    Redemocratization  – Pacted Democracies

§  Karl, Terry, “Dilemmas of Democratization in Latin America” Comparative Politics, Vol. 23, No. 1 (Oct., 1990)

§  Guillermo O’Donnell, “Delegative Democracy.”  Journal of Democracy 5 (January): 55-69.

§  The case of Chile

§  Garretén, Manuel Antonio “The Political Opposition and the Party System under the Military Regime,” in Paul W. Drake and Iván Jaksíc the Struggle for Democracy in Chile (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1991).

 

-          November 10: Film The Judge and the General

 

 

2nd half of Week 7 and Week 8:  Social Movements, Civil Society, State-Society Relations: General, Gender, Environmental

 

 

-          November 12:  Film contd.  and Civil Society

-          Avritzer, excerpt TBA Civil Society Reading

-          Fox, Jonathan "How Does Civil Society Thicken? The Political Construction of Social Capital in Rural Mexico," World Development, 24(6), June, 1996.

-          Recommended for 463 students; required for 563 students:

§  Fox, Jonathan “The Difficult Transition from Clientelism to Citizenship: Lessons from Mexico.  World Politics.  Volume 46, no. 2 (January 1994): 151-84

 

 

-          November 17: Social Movements

-          Tarrow

-          Escobar/Alvarez/Dagnino

-          Roberts TBA

 

-          November 19: Film Reaction Paper Due in class

o   Social Movements contd. --- Case Studies

-          Colburn Chapter 11 “Struggling For Gender Equality”

-          Alvarez, Sonia E., Engendering democracy in Brazil : women's movements in transition politics (Princeton, N.J. : Princeton University Press, c1990)  463 students: excerpts TBA; 563 students all

-          Keck, Margaret, “Social Equity and Environmental Politics in Brazil: Lessons from the Rubber Tappers of Acre” Comparative Politics, Vol. 27, No. 4 (Jul., 1995).

-          Additional readings TBA

 

Extra Credit Paper (required for 563 students) due Friday, November 20th , in my office by 5:00 pm.

 

 

 

Week 9 and 10: Recent Trends -- Development Revisited, New Populism and Re-Decentralization

 

-          November 24th: Development Revisited

o   Skidmore and Smith: 274-295

o   Escobar, Arturo “the Problematization of Poverty: the Tale of Three Worlds and Development” from Encountering Development: the Making and Unmaking of the Third World” (Princeton, 1995)

 

-          NOVEMBER 26: THANKSGIVING DAY -- NO CLASS

 

-          December 1st:  New Populism and Leftward Shifts – EXCERPTS TBA

o   Hector E. Schamis, “Populism, Socialism, and Democratic Institutions,” Journal of Democracy 17:4 (October 2006): 21-34.

o   Kenneth M. Roberts, “Social Inequalities Without Class Cleavages in Latin America’s Neoliberal Era,” Studies in Comparative International Development 36:4 (Winter 2002): 3-33.

o   Nicolás Lynch, “What ‘Left’ Means in Latin America Now,” Constellations 14:3 (2007): 373-383.

o   Skidmore and Smith: p179-181

o   Hunter, Wendy, and Timothy J. Power. 2005. "Lula's Brazil at Midterm." Journal of Democracy 16 (3):127-139.

o   “Who leads Latin America?” in the Economist --  September 30-Oct 6, 2006.

o   Skidmore and Smith: p440-456.

 

-          December 3rd: Decentralization and Review

o   Eaton – Chapter 6

o   Tendler – Intro recommended; Chapter 2 required

 

 

 

Thursday, December 10 at 1:00 pm – 3:00 pm:  Final Exam in 129 McKenzie Hall